With increasing site quality asymmetric competition and mortality reduces Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stand structuring across Europe
Elsevier ; Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap ; Chair of Forest Growth and Yield Science, Department of Life Science Systems, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Hans-Carl-Von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, Freising, Germany; iuFOR, Sustainable Forest Management Research Institute, University of Valladolid & INIA, Spain ; Dpt. Biogeography and Global Change, National Museum of Natural Sciences – CSIC, Serrano 115, Madrid, Spain ; Chair of Forest Growth and Yield Science, Department of Life Science Systems, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Hans-Carl-Von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, Freising, Germany ; Forest Research Center, INIA-CSIC, Ctra. A Coruña km 7.5, Madrid, Spain; iuFOR, Sustainable Forest Management Research Institute, University of Valladolid & INIA, Spain ; Department of Agriculture and Forest Engineering (EAGROF), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Joint Research Unit CTFC-AGROTECNIO-CERCA, Solsona, Spain ; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Box 190, 23422 Lomma, Sweden ; Silviculture and Forest Ecology of the Temperate Zones and Centre for Biodiversity and Sustainable Landuse, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 1, Göttingen, Germany ; Faculty of Forestry, University of Sarajevo, Zagrebačka 20, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina ; Department of Forest Resources Management, Faculty of Forestry, The University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, BC, Vancouver, Canada ; Department of Silviculture, Institute of Forest Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159/34, Warsaw, Poland ; iuFOR, Sustainable Forest Management Research Institute, University of Valladolid & INIA, Spain; Department of Plant Production and Forest Resources, Higher Technical School of Agricultural Engineering of Palencia, University of Valladolid, Spain ; Vytautas Magnus University, Department of Forest Science, Studentu 11, Akademija LT-53361, Kaunas dist, Lithuania ; Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Strnady 136, Jíloviště, Czech Republic ; Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR Silva, Nancy, France ; School of Natural Sciences and Medicine, Ilia State, University, Kakutsa Cholokashvili Ave 3/5, Tbilisi, Georgia ; Technical University in Zvolen, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Resource Planning and Informatics, T. G, Masaryka 24, Zvolen, Slovakia ; Chair of Forest Growth and Yield Science, Department of Life Science Systems, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Hans-Carl-Von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, Freising, Germany; Bavarian State Institute of Forestry (LWF), Department Silviculture and Mountain Forest, Germany ; NIBIO, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Pb 115. NO-143, Ås, Norway ; Latvian State Forest Research Institute Silava, Rigas 111, Salaspils, Latvia ; Institute of Forestry and Horticulture, Ukrainian National Forestry University, Lviv, Ukraine ; Department of AGRARIA, Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy ; University of Novi Sad, Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, Antona Čehova 13, Novi Sad, Serbia; University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of Agriculture, SP Forestry, Republika Srpska, Vuka Karadžića 30, 71123 Istočno Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina ; Chair of Silviculture and Forest Ecology, Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, Tartu, Estonia ; Dep. Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Turin, Italy ; Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 23, Frederiksberg C, Denmark ; Department of Forest- and Soil Sciences, Institute of Forest Growth, BOKU, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Peter-Jordan-Str. 82, Vienna, Austria ; Forest Ecology and Forest Management, Wageningen University of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen, Netherlands ; Department of Ecology and Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. 29-Listopada 46 31-425 Kraków, Poland ; Forest Research Center, INIA-CSIC, Ctra. A Coruña km 7.5, Madrid, Spain ; UCLouvain - Université catholique de Louvain, Earth & Life Institute, Croix du Sud 2 box L7.05.09, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium ; INRAE – UR EFNO - Centre de recherche Val de Loire, 45290 Nogent-Sur-Vernisson, France ; Forst Baden-Württemberg (AöR), Forstbezirk Ulmer Alb, Schloßstr. 34, 89079 Ulm-Wiblingen, Germany ; Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic ; Forest & Nature Lab, Ghent University, Melle-Gontrode, Belgium ; Hochschule für nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde (HNEE), FG Waldinventur und Planung, Alfred-Möller-Str.1, D 16225 Eberswalde, Germany ; Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin Street, Sofia, Bulgaria ; HAL CCSD ; Elsevier BV, 2022
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Heterogeneity of structure can increase mechanical stability, stress resistance and resilience, biodiversity and many other functions and services of forest stands. That is why many silvicultural measures aim at enhancing structural diversity. However, the effectiveness and potential of structuring may depend on the site conditions. Here, we revealed how the stand structure is determined by site quality and results from site-dependent partitioning of growth and mortality among the trees. We based our study on 90 mature, even-aged, fully stocked monocultures of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) sampled in 21 countries along a productivity gradient across Europe. A mini-simulation study further analyzed the site-dependency of the interplay between growth and mortality and the resulting stand structure. The overarching hypothesis was that the stand structure changes with site quality and results from the site-dependent asymmetry of competition and mortality. First, we show that Scots pine stands structure across Europe become more homogeneous with increasing site quality. The coefficient of variation and Gini coefficient of stem diameter and tree height continuously decreased, whereas Stand Density Index and stand basal area increased with site index. Second, we reveal a site-dependency of the growth distribution among the trees and the mortality. With increasing site index, the asymmetry of both competition and growth distribution increased and suggested, at first glance, an increase in stand heterogeneity. However, with increasing site index, mortality eliminates mainly small instead of all-sized trees, cancels the size variation and reduces the structural heterogeneity.Third, we modelled the site-dependent interplay between growth partitioning and mortality. By scenario runs for different site conditions, we can show how the site-dependent structure at the stand level emerges from the asymmetric competition and mortality at the tree level and how the interplay changes with increasing site quality across Europe. .
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With increasing site quality asymmetric competition and mortality reduces Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stand structuring across Europe
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| Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: | Pretzsch, Hans ; Bravo-Oviedo, Andrés ; Hilmers, Torben ; Ruiz-Peinado, Ricardo ; Coll, Lluís ; Löf, Magnus ; Ahmed, Chamim ; Aldea, Jorge ; Ammer, Christian ; Avdagic, Admir ; Barbeito, Ignacio ; Bielak, Kamil ; Bravo, Felipe ; Brazaitis, Gediminas ; Cerný, Jatub ; Collet, Catherine ; Drössler, Lars ; Fabrika, Marek ; Heym, Michael ; Holm, Stig Olof ; Hylen, Gro ; Jansons, Aris ; Kurylyak, Viktor ; Lombardi, Fabio ; Matović, Bratislav ; Metslaid, Marek ; Motta, Renzo ; Nord-Larsen, Thomas ; Nothdurft, Arne ; Ordóñez, Cristóbal ; Reventlow, Ditlev Otto Juel ; Sitko, Roman ; Sramek, Vit ; Steckel, Mathias ; Svodoba, Miroslav ; Uhl, Enno ; Verheyen, Kris ; Vospernik, Sonja ; Wolff, Barbara ; Zlatanov, Tzvetan ; Commission, European ; German Research Foundation ; Bavarian State Ministry for Nutrition, Agriculture and Forestry ; Junta de Castilla y León ; Universidad de Valladolid ; Estonian Research Council ; National Agency of Agricultural Research (Czech Republic) ; Slovak Research and Development Agency |
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| Veröffentlichung: | Elsevier ; Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap ; Chair of Forest Growth and Yield Science, Department of Life Science Systems, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Hans-Carl-Von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, Freising, Germany; iuFOR, Sustainable Forest Management Research Institute, University of Valladolid & INIA, Spain ; Dpt. Biogeography and Global Change, National Museum of Natural Sciences – CSIC, Serrano 115, Madrid, Spain ; Chair of Forest Growth and Yield Science, Department of Life Science Systems, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Hans-Carl-Von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, Freising, Germany ; Forest Research Center, INIA-CSIC, Ctra. A Coruña km 7.5, Madrid, Spain; iuFOR, Sustainable Forest Management Research Institute, University of Valladolid & INIA, Spain ; Department of Agriculture and Forest Engineering (EAGROF), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Joint Research Unit CTFC-AGROTECNIO-CERCA, Solsona, Spain ; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Box 190, 23422 Lomma, Sweden ; Silviculture and Forest Ecology of the Temperate Zones and Centre for Biodiversity and Sustainable Landuse, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 1, Göttingen, Germany ; Faculty of Forestry, University of Sarajevo, Zagrebačka 20, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina ; Department of Forest Resources Management, Faculty of Forestry, The University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, BC, Vancouver, Canada ; Department of Silviculture, Institute of Forest Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159/34, Warsaw, Poland ; iuFOR, Sustainable Forest Management Research Institute, University of Valladolid & INIA, Spain; Department of Plant Production and Forest Resources, Higher Technical School of Agricultural Engineering of Palencia, University of Valladolid, Spain ; Vytautas Magnus University, Department of Forest Science, Studentu 11, Akademija LT-53361, Kaunas dist, Lithuania ; Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Strnady 136, Jíloviště, Czech Republic ; Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR Silva, Nancy, France ; School of Natural Sciences and Medicine, Ilia State, University, Kakutsa Cholokashvili Ave 3/5, Tbilisi, Georgia ; Technical University in Zvolen, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Resource Planning and Informatics, T. G, Masaryka 24, Zvolen, Slovakia ; Chair of Forest Growth and Yield Science, Department of Life Science Systems, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Hans-Carl-Von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, Freising, Germany; Bavarian State Institute of Forestry (LWF), Department Silviculture and Mountain Forest, Germany ; NIBIO, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Pb 115. NO-143, Ås, Norway ; Latvian State Forest Research Institute Silava, Rigas 111, Salaspils, Latvia ; Institute of Forestry and Horticulture, Ukrainian National Forestry University, Lviv, Ukraine ; Department of AGRARIA, Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy ; University of Novi Sad, Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, Antona Čehova 13, Novi Sad, Serbia; University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of Agriculture, SP Forestry, Republika Srpska, Vuka Karadžića 30, 71123 Istočno Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina ; Chair of Silviculture and Forest Ecology, Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, Tartu, Estonia ; Dep. Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Turin, Italy ; Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 23, Frederiksberg C, Denmark ; Department of Forest- and Soil Sciences, Institute of Forest Growth, BOKU, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Peter-Jordan-Str. 82, Vienna, Austria ; Forest Ecology and Forest Management, Wageningen University of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen, Netherlands ; Department of Ecology and Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. 29-Listopada 46 31-425 Kraków, Poland ; Forest Research Center, INIA-CSIC, Ctra. A Coruña km 7.5, Madrid, Spain ; UCLouvain - Université catholique de Louvain, Earth & Life Institute, Croix du Sud 2 box L7.05.09, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium ; INRAE – UR EFNO - Centre de recherche Val de Loire, 45290 Nogent-Sur-Vernisson, France ; Forst Baden-Württemberg (AöR), Forstbezirk Ulmer Alb, Schloßstr. 34, 89079 Ulm-Wiblingen, Germany ; Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic ; Forest & Nature Lab, Ghent University, Melle-Gontrode, Belgium ; Hochschule für nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde (HNEE), FG Waldinventur und Planung, Alfred-Möller-Str.1, D 16225 Eberswalde, Germany ; Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin Street, Sofia, Bulgaria ; HAL CCSD ; Elsevier BV, 2022 |
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